註釋:
1. 第歐根尼(Diogenes),古希臘哲學家,犬儒派代表人物。傳說他住在一個木桶裡,有次亞歷山大大帝前來拜訪,並表示自己能實現他的任何願望,第歐根尼回答:「我希望你站遠一點,不要擋住我的陽光。」亞歷山大後來說:「我若不是亞歷山大,便願是第歐根尼。」亦有傳聞說他與亞歷山大同日過世。
2. 出自《吉爾伽美什史詩》(The Epic of Gilgamesh),半神半人的烏魯克國王吉爾伽美什施政暴虐,人民向天神求救,創造女神阿魯魯(Aruru)便創造了恩奇都,讓他在神妓(Shamhat)的教導下文明馴化。恩奇都在吉爾伽美什前往新婚洞房的路上擋住他的去路,兩人大打出手,因而英雄相惜,執手擁抱成為摯友。文中(Tablet II, line 116-118)吉爾伽美什描述恩奇都為「恩奇都既無父也無母,他的頭髮自由生長,他出生於乾草原。」(Enkidu has neither father nor mother,/ His hair was growing freely/ He was born in the steppe.)即下文的「放髮人」。
3. “Why are your eyes full of tears, / Why are you listless, your strength turned to weakness?” (The Epic of Gilgamesh, tablet II, line127-128)
4. “Cries of sorrow, my friend, have cramped my muscles, / Woe has entered my heart.” (The Epic of Gilgamesh, tablet II, line130-131)
5. 出自荷馬史詩《伊里亞德》(The Iliad),帕特羅克洛斯(Patroclus)為阿基里斯的青梅竹馬兼戰友,另有一說是戀人。在特洛伊戰爭中,阿基里斯與邁錫尼國王阿伽曼儂發生爭執,拒絕出兵,帕特羅克洛斯便披戴阿基里斯的盔甲出戰,最終被特洛伊王子赫克托爾殺害。聽聞消息的阿基里斯怒不可抑,親自出馬為帕特羅克洛斯報仇,並將赫克托爾的遺體綁在雙輪馬車後拖行,以發洩悲痛。
6. 出自柏拉圖《會飲篇》(Symposium),內容講述一場酒宴上眾人對愛的種種討論,在宴會後半喝醉的知名演說家阿爾奇畢亞得斯(Alcibiades)闖入室內,意外發現蘇格拉底也在現場,便滔滔不絕地描述自己如何著迷於蘇格拉底的智慧,並譴責對方屢次拒絕自己的求愛。他曾經支開奴僕,與蘇格拉底共枕而眠,試圖用自己姣好的外貌勾引蘇格拉底,然而蘇格拉底僅能給予他人柏拉圖式的愛情,因此沒有回應阿爾奇畢亞得斯。
7. “He (Alcibiades) managed to stand by himself, crowned with a beautiful wreath of violets and ivy and ribbons in his hair.” (Symposium)
8. “Socrates, are you asleep?”
“No, no, not at all” he replied.
“You know what I’ve been thinking?”
“Well, no, not really.” (Symposium)
9. 取自以下片段,皆出於《會飲篇》:
“Socrates is the only man in the world who has made me (Alcibiades) feel shame—ah, you didn’t think I had it in me, did you? Yes, he makes me feel ashamed: I know perfectly well that I can’t prove he’s wrong when he tells me what I should do.”
“Sometimes, believe me, I think I would be happier if he (Socrates) were dead. And yet I know that if he dies I’ll be even more miserable. I can’t live with him, and I can’t live without him! What can I do about him?”
“you’re the only worthy lover I have ever had—and yet, look how shy you are with me! Well, here’s how I look at it. It would be really stupid not to give you anything you want: you can have me, my belongings, anything my friends might have.”
10. 傳說西緒甘碧絲(為馬其頓軍所擒的波斯太后)曾誤以為高大的赫菲斯安就是亞歷山大本人,但亞歷山大並沒有怪罪她,而是說:「赫菲斯安也是亞歷山大。」
本文所有資料皆引用自維基百科和《The Norton Anthology: Western Literature 9th Edition》,中文譯文由飛鳥青空翻譯
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